Coregonus fera
Extinct species of fish
| Coregonus fera | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Specimen in Musée de zoologie de Lausanne | |
Conservation status | |
 Extinct (IUCN 3.1) | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Salmoniformes |
| Family: | Salmonidae |
| Genus: | Coregonus |
| Species: | †C. fera |
| Binomial name | |
| †Coregonus fera (Jurine, 1825) | |
Coregonus fera, commonly called the true fera, is a presumed extinct freshwater fish from Lake Geneva in Switzerland and France.
Description
The fera is a freshwater whitefish that typically grows to between 35 and 40 centimeters in length.[1] It is a member of the common whitefish complex (Coregonus lavaretus sensu lato).
The identity of the fera is disputed. In 1950, Emile Dottrens described Coregonus fera as native to both Lake Geneva and Lake Constance. The coregonines from Lake Constance were named Sandfelchen. In 1997, Maurice Kottelat made a revision and used the name Coregonus fera for the Geneva fera and Coregonus arenicolus for theSandfelchen. The common name fera is still also used for fish that continue to live in Lake Geneva, but it now refers to the introduced Coregonus palaea.[2]
Biology
The true fera lived at the bottom of lakes, where it fed on zooplankton and spawned between February and mid-March.
Extinction
Together with the similarly extinct gravenche (Coregonus hiemalis), the fera was one of the most caught freshwater fishes in Lake Geneva. In 1890, these two fishes constituted 68% of the total captures in the lake.[1] Due to a combination of overexploitation and heavy hybridisation with introduced Coregonus species, it became extremely scarce and was last seen in Lake Geneva in 1920.[2][1]
References
- ^ a b c Christian Trépey: Corégone (Féra - Palée) www.plongee-passion.ch (in French)
- ^ a b Maurice Kottelat & Jörg Freyhof (2008) Coregonus fera. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species v. 2015-4
- Maurice Kottelat: European Freshwater Fishes. An heuristic checklist of the freshwater fishes of Europe (exclusive of former USSR), with an introduction for non-systematists and comments on nomenclature and conservation; Biologia: Section Zoology vol. 52/5, Slovak Academic Press, Bratislava 1997, ISBN 80-85665-87-5
- Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2010). "Coregonus fera" in FishBase. February 2010 version.
External links
- Catalog of Fishes Corregonus fera Archived 2001-08-30 at the Wayback Machine
- v
- t
- e
genus Coregonus
- Coregonus albellus (autumn brienzlig)
- C. albula (European cisco or vendace)
- †C. alpenae (longjaw cisco)
- C. alpinus
- C. anaulorum
- C. arenicolus
- C. artedi (cisco)
- C. atterensis
- C. austriacus
- C. autumnalis (Arctic cisco)
- C. baerii
- C. baicalensis
- C. baunti
- C. bavaricus
- C. bezola
- C. candidus
- C. chadary
- C. clupeaformis (lake whitefish)
- C. clupeoides
- C. confusus
- C. danneri
- C. duplex
- C. fatioi
- †C. fera (true fera)
- C. fontanae
- †C. gutturosus (Lake Constance whitefish)
- C. heglingus
- †C. hiemalis (gravenche)
- C. hoferi
- C. holsata
- C. hoyi (bloater)
- C. hubbsi (Ives Lake cisco)
- C. huntsmanni (Atlantic whitefish)
- †C. johannae (deepwater cisco)
- C. kiletz
- C. kiyi (kiyi)
- C. ladogae
- C. laurettae (Bering cisco)
- C. lavaretus
- C. lucinensis
- C. lutokka
- C. macrophthalmus
- C. maraena
- C. maraenoides (Peipsi whitefish)
- C. maxillaris
- C. megalops
- C. migratorius (omul)
- C. muksun (muksun)
- C. nasus (broad whitefish)
- C. nelsonii (Alaska whitefish)
- C. nigripinnis (blackfin cisco)
- C. nilssoni
- C. nipigon
- C. nobilis
- C. oxyrinchus (houting)
- C. palaea
- C. pallasii
- C. peled (peled)
- C. pennatii (gwyniad)
- C. pidschian (humpback whitefish or pidschian)
- C. pollan (pollan)
- C. pravdinellus
- C. reighardi (shortnose cisco)
- C. renke
- †C. restrictus
- C. sardinella (sardine cisco)
- C. stigmaticus (schelly)
- C. subautumnalis
- C. suidteri
- C. trybomi
- C. tugun
- C. ussuriensis
- C. vandesius (vendace)
- C. vessicus
- C. wartmanni
- C. widegreni
- C. zenithicus (shortjaw cisco)
- C. zuerichensis
- C. zugensis
genus Prosopium
- P. abyssicola (Bear Lake whitefish)
- P. coulterii (pygmy whitefish)
- P. cylindraceum (round whitefish)
- P. spilonotus (Bonneville whitefish)
- P. williamsoni (mountain whitefish)
genus Stenodus
- S. nelma (nelma or inconnu)
- S. leucichthys (beloribitsa)
Family Salmonidae
