Interchange station
An interchange station or a transfer station is a train station for more than one railway route in a public transport system that allows passengers to change from one route to another, often without having to leave a station or pay an additional fare.
Transfer may occur within the same mode, or between rail modes, or to buses (for stations with bus termini attached). Such stations usually have more platforms than single route stations. These stations can exist in either commercial centers or on the city outskirts in residential areas. Cities typically plan for land use around interchange stations for development.[1] Passengers may be required to pay extra fare for the interchange if they leave a paid area.
History
With the opening of the Woodside and Birkenhead Dock Street Tramway in 1873,[2] Birkenhead Dock railway station in Birkenhead, England probably became the world's first tram to train interchange station.[3]
Examples
Verney Junction interchange station in Buckinghamshire, England was built at the point of two railway lines intersecting each other in open countryside. The station was built in an open remote field being used from 1868 to 1968. [4]
The Manhattan Transfer (PRR station) on the Pennsylvania Railroad was located outside Newark, New Jersey in a relatively isolated area, and was used primarily for passenger interchange.
Sometimes cross-platform interchange is offered between mainline railways and city metro systems, such as Barking and Stratford stations in London.
In some cases, no dedicated underground passage or footbridge is provided, and therefore passengers have to transfer between two parts of a station through city streets. Examples include Kuramae Station of Toei in Tokyo, Japan and Lexington Avenue-59th Street/Lexington Avenue–63rd Street stations in New York City. In many cases, electronic ticketing allows transferring passengers re-admission to the transit system without paying fare a second time, as if they had never left the fare control area in the station (this process is called a "free out-of-system transfer").
There are also bus interchanges, where people can change between different bus routes with no extra fare or only the differences of the fares of the two routes. Examples include Tai Lam Tunnel Bus Interchange and Shing Mun Tunnel Bus Interchange in the New Territories, Hong Kong, and in the downtown of Lafayette, Indiana.
In London and Paris, a number of stations on the Underground in London and the Métro in Paris are interchanges between two or more rapid transit lines. Examples include King's Cross St. Pancras in London, an interchange between six lines and Chatelet in Paris, an interchange between five lines.
See also
References
- ^ Ng, Charles W. W.; Huang, H. W.; Liu, G. B. (2008-12-03). Geotechnical Aspects of Underground Construction in Soft Ground: Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium (IS-Shanghai 2008). CRC Press. p. 270. ISBN 9780203879986.
- ^ Maund 2009, p. 10
- ^ "Station Name: Birkenhead Dock". Disused Stations. Retrieved 3 March 2016.
- ^ "Disused Stations: Verney Junction Station". www.disused-stations.org.uk. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
Sources
- Maund, T.B. (2009). The Wirral Railway and its Predecessors. Lightmoor Press. ISBN 978-1-899889-38-9.9
- v
- t
- e
- Passenger rail terminology
- Airport rail link
- Cable car
- Commuter rail
- Circle route
- Cross-city route
- Elevated railway
- Funicular
- Heavy rail
- Heritage railway
- High-speed rail
- Higher-speed rail
- Horsecar
- Inter-city rail
- Interurban
- Light rail
- Maglev Train
- Medium-capacity rail system
- Monorail
- Narrow-gauge railway
- People mover
- Platform screen doors
- Railbus
- Metro/Rapid Transit
- Regional rail
- Street running
- Suspension railway
- Tram
- Tram-train
for hire
transport
- Airport
- Bus bulb
- Bus garage
- Bus lane
- Bus stand
- Bus station
- Bus stop
- Bus turnout (bus bay)
- Dry dock
- Ferry terminal
- Hangar
- Harbor
- Interchange station
- Kassel kerb
- Layover
- Metro station
- Park and ride
- Port
- Queue jump
- Taxicab stand
- Train station
- Tram stop
- Transit mall
- Transport hub
and fares
- Automated fare collection
- Bus advertising
- Contract of carriage
- Dead mileage
- Exit fare
- Fare avoidance
- Fare capping
- Fare evasion
- Farebox recovery ratio
- Free public transport
- Free travel pass
- Integrated ticketing
- Manual fare collection
- Money train
- Paid area
- Penalty fare
- Proof-of-payment
- Reduced fare program
- Smart cards (CIPURSE, Calypso)
- Ticket machine
- Transfer
- Transit pass
- Circle route
- Cross-city route
- Network length
- Non-revenue track
- Radial route
- Transport network
- Bus bunching
- Clock-face scheduling
- Headway
- Night (owl) service
- On-time performance
- Public transport timetable
- Short turn
and signage
- Boarding
- Bus rapid transit creep
- Crush load
- Destination sign
- Dwell time
- Hail and ride
- Land transport
- Outline of transport
- Passenger load factor
- Public good
- Request stop
- Service
- Sustainable transport
- Timing point
- Transit map
- Transport economics
- Micromobility