Takano no Niigasa's burial mound in Oeda Kutsukakecho, Nishikyo Ward, Kyoto City
Takano no Niigasa (高野 新笠, ca. 720 – 790) was a concubine of Emperor Kōnin of Japan and the mother of Emperor Kanmu.[1] Her full name was Takano no Asomi Niigasa (高野朝臣 新笠).
Life
Niigasa was a daughter of Yamato no Ototsugu (和乙継) who was among a descents of Prince Junda (c. 480–513). Prince Junda, the second son of King Muryeong of Baekje, was born in Japan and eventually became the ancestor of later known to be Yamato clan. Her mother was known to be Haji no Sukune Maimo (土師宿禰 真妹), whose surname is later, also known be Oe no Asomi (大枝朝臣). She became a concubine of Prince Shirakabe,[2] grandson of Emperor Tenji, and bore Prince Yamabe in 737 and Prince Sawara in 750. Prince Shirakabe was married to Princess Inoe, a daughter of Emperor Shōmu in 744. When Empress Kōken died in 770, Shirakabe was appointed her successor and acceded to the throne as Emperor Kōnin. Princess Inoe and her son, Prince Osabe, were nominated as the Empress and the crown prince respectively, because of her noble birth.
The sons of Niigasa had not been considered to be successors until 772, when the Empress (Inoe) was suddenly stripped of her rank following accusations that she had cursed the Emperor. The crown prince, her son, was also disinherited. They were dead two years later. Subsequently, Niigasa's son Prince Yamabe[3] was appointed as the crown prince and acceded to the throne as Emperor Kanmu.[4]
Legacy
In 2001, Emperor Akihito told reporters "I, on my part, feel a certain kinship with Korea, given the fact that it is recorded in the Chronicles of Japan that the mother of Emperor Kammu [Niigasa] was one of the descendant of King Muryong of Baekje." It was the first time that a Japanese emperor publicly referred to Korean blood in the imperial line.[5] According to the Shoku Nihongi, Niigasa (720–790) is a descendant of Prince Junda, son of Muryeong, who died in Japan in 513 (Nihon Shoki Chapter 17).
Notes
^Watts, Jonathan. "The emperor's new roots: The Japanese emperor has finally laid to rest rumours that he has Korean blood, by admitting that it is true," The Guardian (London). December 28, 2001.
^Titsingh, p. 86, p. 86, at Google Books; Varley, p. 149.
^Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). Annales des empereurs du Japon, pp. 86–95, p. 86, at Google Books; Brown, Delmer et al.Gukanshō, pp. 277–279; Varley, H. Paul. Jinnō Shōtōki, pp. 148–150.
Unless otherwise noted (as BC), years are in CE / AD1 individuals that were given the title of empress dowager posthumously 2 title removed in 896 due to a suspected affair with head priest of the Toko-ji Temple; title posthumously restored in 943 3 was made High Empress or de jure empress dowager during her husband's reign
