Kelawar ladam

Kelawar ladam
Rhinolophus hipposideros
Klasifikasi saintifik e
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Chiroptera
Family: Rhinolophidae

Gray, 1825
Subfamily: Rhinolophinae

Gray, 1825
Genus: Rhinolophus

Lacépède, 1799
Jenis spesies
Vespertilio ferrum-equinum

Schreber, 1774
Spesies

Lihat teks

Kelawar ladam membentuk keluarga kelawar Rhinolophidae. Sebagai tambahan kepada genus hidup tunggal, Rhinolophus, satu genus pupus, Palaeonycteris, telah diakui. Hipposideridae yang berkait rapat kadangkala termasuk dalam kelawar kuda sebagai subkeluarga, Hipposiderinae. Kedua-dua keluarga diklasifikasikan dalam subordinat Yinpterochiroptera atau Pteropodiformes dan sebelum ini dimasukkan ke dalam Microchiroptera.[1]

Senarai spesies

Genus Rhinolophus

  • Rhinolophus adami species group
    • Adam's horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus adami[2]
    • Maendeleo horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus maendeleo[2]
  • R. capensis species group
    • Cape horseshoe bat, R. capensis[3]
    • Dent's horseshoe bat, R. denti[3]
    • Bushveld horseshoe bat, R. simulator[3]
    • Swinny's horseshoe bat, R. swinnyi[3]
  • R. euryale species group
    • Mediterranean horseshoe bat, R. euryale[4]
    • Mehely's horseshoe bat, R. mehelyi[4]
  • R. euryotis species group
    • Arcuate horseshoe bat, R. arcuatus (see also Andersen's horseshoe bat)[1]
    • Rhinolophus belligerator[5]
    • Canut's horseshoe bat, R. canuti[1]
    • Croslet horseshoe bat, R. coelophyllus[1]
    • Creagh's horseshoe bat, R. creaghi[1]
    • Broad-eared horseshoe bat, R. euryotis[1]
    • Philippine forest horseshoe bat, R. inops[1]
    • Rhinolophus mcintyrei[6]
    • Rhinolophus proconsulis[5]
    • Large rufous horseshoe bat, R. rufus[1]
    • Shamel's horseshoe bat, R. shameli[1]
    • Small rufous horseshoe bat, R. subrufus[1]
  • R. ferrumequinum species group
    • Bokhara horseshoe bat, R. bocharicus[4]
    • Geoffroy's horseshoe bat, R. clivosus[1]
    • Damara horseshoe bat, R. damarensis
    • Darling's horseshoe bat, R. darlingi[1]
    • Decken's horseshoe bat, R. deckenii[1]
    • Greater horseshoe bat, R. ferrumequinum[4]
    • Hill's horseshoe bat, upland horseshoe bat, R. hillorum[7]
    • Sakeji horseshoe bat, R. sakejiensis[1]
    • Forest horseshoe bat, R. silvestris[1]
  • R. fumigatus species group
    • Eloquent horseshoe bat, R. eloquens[8]
    • Rüppell's horseshoe bat, R. fumigatus[8]
  • R. hildebrandtii species group
    • Cohen's horseshoe bat, R. cohenae[9]
    • Hildebrandt's horseshoe bat, R. hildebrandtii[9]
    • Mount Mabu horseshoe bat, R. mabuensis[9]
    • Mozambican horseshoe bat, R. mossambicus[9]
    • Smithers's horseshoe bat, R. smithersi[9]
  • R. hipposideros species group
    • Lesser horseshoe bat, R. hipposideros[4]
  • R. landeri species group
    • Halcyon horseshoe bat, R. alcyone[1]
    • Blasius's horseshoe bat, R. blasii[4]
    • Guinean horseshoe bat, R. guineensis[1]
    • Lander's horseshoe bat, R. landeri[1]
  • R. maclaudi species group
    • Hill's horseshoe bat, R. hilli[10]
    • Maclaud's horseshoe bat, R. maclaudi[10]
    • Ruwenzori horseshoe bat, R. ruwenzorii[10]
    • Willard's horseshoe bat, R. willardi[10]
    • Ziama horseshoe bat, R. ziama[10]
  • R. megaphyllus species group
    • Intermediate horseshoe bat, R. affinis[4]
    • Homfray's horseshoe bat R. andamanensis[11]
    • Bornean horseshoe bat, R. borneensis[1]
    • Sulawesi horseshoe bat, R. celebensis[1]
    • Insular horseshoe bat, R. keyensis[1]
    • Madura horseshoe bat, R. madurensis[1]
    • Malayan horseshoe bat, R. malayanus[1]
    • Smaller horseshoe bat, R. megaphyllus[1]
    • Neriad horseshoe bat, R. nereis[1]
    • Peninsular horseshoe bat,R. robinsoni[1]
    • Lesser brown horseshoe bat, R. stheno[1]
    • Yellow-faced horseshoe bat, R. virgo[1]
  • R. pearsonii species group
    • Rhinolophus chiewkweeae[12]
    • Pearson's horseshoe bat, R. pearsonii[4]
    • Rhinolophus thailandensis[13]
    • Dobson's horseshoe bat, R. yunanensis[4]
  • R. philippinensis species group
    • Rhinolophus huananus[14]
    • Big-eared horseshoe bat, R. macrotis[4]
    • Marshall's horseshoe bat, R. marshalli[1]
    • Timorese horseshoe bat, R. montanus[1]
    • Bourret's horseshoe bat, R. paradoxolophus[1]
    • Large-eared horseshoe bat, R. philippinensis[1]
    • King horseshoe bat, R. rex[1]
    • Rhinolophus schnitzleri[15]
  • R. pusillus species group
    • Acuminate horseshoe bat, R. acuminatus[16]
    • Andaman horseshoe bat, R. cognatus[4]
    • Convex horseshoe bat, R. convexus[17]
    • Little Japanese horseshoe bat, R. cornutus[18]
    • Imaizumi's horseshoe bat, R. imaizumii[1]
    • Blyth's horseshoe bat, R. lepidus[4]
    • Formosan lesser horseshoe bat, R. monoceros[1]
    • Osgood's horseshoe bat, R. osgoodi[1]
    • Least horseshoe bat, R. pusillus[1]
    • Shortridge's horseshoe bat, R. shortridgei[4]
    • Little Nepalese horseshoe bat, R. subbadius[4]
  • R. rouxii species group
    • Rufous horseshoe bat, R. rouxii[4]
    • Chinese rufous horseshoe bat, R. sinicus[4]
    • Thomas's horseshoe bat, R. thomasi[1]
  • R. trifoliatus species group
    • Lesser woolly horseshoe bat, R. beddomei[4]
    • Formosan woolly horseshoe bat, R. formosae[1]
    • Woolly horseshoe bat, R. luctus[4]
    • Rhinolophus luctoides[19]
    • Mitred horseshoe bat, R. mitratus[4]
    • Lesser woolly horseshoe bat, R. sedulus[20]
    • Trefoil horseshoe bat, R. trifoliatus[4]
  • incertae sedis
    • Rhinolophus microglobosus
    • Thai horseshoe bat, R. siamensis; formerly included in macrotis group[1]
    • Rhinolophus xinanzhongguoensis

Catatan

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an Simmons, N.B. 2005. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 312–529 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: a taxonomic and geographic reference. 3rd ed. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2 vols., 2142 pp. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. Simmons, N.B. 2005. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 312–529 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: a taxonomic and geographic reference. 3rd ed. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2 vols., 2142 pp. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0
  2. ^ a b Kock, D., Csorba, G., & Howell, K. M. (2000). Rhinolophus maendeleo n. sp. from Tanzania, a horseshoe bat noteworthy for its systematics and biogeography. Senckenbergiana biologica, 80, 233-239.
  3. ^ a b c d Bogdanowicz, W. (1992). Phenetic relationships among bats of the family Rhinolophidae. Acta Theriologica, 37(3), 213-240.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Srinivasulu, C., & Srinivasulu, B. (2012). South Asian Mammals. In South Asian Mammals (pp. 251). Springer New York.
  5. ^ a b Patrick, L. E.; McCulloch, E. S.; Ruedas, L. A. (2013). "Systematics and biogeography of the arcuate horseshoe bat species complex (Chiroptera, Rhinolophidae)". Zoologica Scripta. 42 (6): 553–590. doi:10.1111/zsc.12026.
  6. ^ Patrick, L. E.; McCulloch, E. S.; Ruedas, L. A. (2013). "Systematics and biogeography of the arcuate horseshoe bat species complex (Chiroptera, Rhinolophidae)". Zoologica Scripta. 42 (6): 553–590. doi:10.1111/zsc.12026.
  7. ^ Cotterill, F. P. D. (2002). A new species of horseshoe bat (Microchiroptera: Rhinolophidae) from south-central Africa: with comments on its affinities and evolution, and the characterization of rhinolophid species. Journal of Zoology, 256(2), 165-179.
  8. ^ a b Csorba G, Ujhelyip P, Thomas N (2003) Horseshoe Bats of the World (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae). Shropshire: Alana books
  9. ^ a b c d e Taylor, P. J., Stoffberg, S., Monadjem, A., Schoeman, M. C., Bayliss, J., & Cotterill, F. P. (2012). Four new bat species (Rhinolophus hildebrandtii complex) reflect Plio-Pleistocene divergence of dwarfs and giants across an Afromontane archipelago. PLoS One, 7(9), e41744.
  10. ^ a b c d e Peterhans, J. C. K., Fahr, J., Huhndorf, M. H., Kaleme, P., Plumptre, A. J., Marks, B. D., & Kizungu, R. (2013). Bats (Chiroptera) from the Albertine Rift, eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, with the description of two new species of the Rhinolophus maclaudi group. Bonn Zool Bull, 62, 186-202.
  11. ^ Srinivasulu, Chelmala; Srinivasulu, Aditya; Srinivasulu, Bhargavi; Jones, Gareth (2019-10-10). "Integrated approaches to identifying cryptic bat species in areas of high endemism: The case of Rhinolophus andamanensis in the Andaman Islands". PLOS ONE (dalam bahasa Inggeris). 14 (10): e0213562. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0213562. ISSN 1932-6203.
  12. ^ Morni, M. A., Tahir, A., Diyana, N. F., Rosli, Q. S., Dee, J. W., Azhar, I., ... & Anwarali Khan, F. A. (2016). New record of Rhinolophus chiewkweeae (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae) from the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia with new information on their echolocation calls, genetics and their taxonomy. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 64.
  13. ^ Wu, Y., Harada, M., & Motokawa, M. (2009). Taxonomy of Rhinolophus yunanensis Dobson, 1872 (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae) with a description of a new species from Thailand. Acta Chiropterologica, 11(2), 237-246.
  14. ^ Wu, Y., Motokawa, M., & Harada, M. (2008). A new species of horseshoe bat of the genus Rhinolophus from China (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae). Zoological Science, 25(4), 438-443.
  15. ^ Wu, Y., & Thong, V. D. (2011). A new species of Rhinolophus (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae) from China. Zoological Science, 28(3), 235-241.
  16. ^ Bates, P. J., Thi, M. M., Nwe, T., Bu, S. S. H., Mie, K. M., Nyo, N., ... & Mackie, I. (2004). A review of Rhinolophus (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae) from Myanmar, including three species new to the country. Acta Chiropterologica, 6(1), 23-48.
  17. ^ Csorba, G. (1997). Description of a new species of Rhinolophus (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae) from Malaysia. Journal of Mammalogy, 78(2), 342-347.
  18. ^ Wu, Y., Motokawa, M., Harada, M., Thong, V. D., Lin, L. K., & Li, Y. C. (2012). Morphometric variation in the pusillus group of the genus Rhinolophus (Mammalia: Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae) in east Asia. Zoological science, 29(6), 396-402.
  19. ^ Volleth, M., Loidl, J., Mayer, F., Yong, H. S., Müller, S., & Heller, K. G. (2015). Surprising genetic diversity in Rhinolophus luctus (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae) from Peninsular Malaysia: description of a new species based on genetic and morphological characters. Acta Chiropterologica, 17(1), 1-20.
  20. ^ Soisook, P., Niyomwan, P., Srikrachang, M., Srithongchuay, T., & Bates, P. J. (2010). Discovery of Rhinolophus beddomei (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae) from Thailand with a brief comparison to other related taxa. Tropical Natural History, 10(1), 67-79.

Rujukan

  • Corbet, G.B. and Hill, J.E. 1992. The mammals of the Indomalayan region: a systematic review. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Taylor, P.J., Macdonald, A., Goodman, S.M., Kearney, T., Cotterill, F.P., Stoffberg, S., Monadjem, A., Schoeman, M.C., Guyton, J., Naskrecki, P. and Richards, L.R. 2018. Integrative taxonomy resolves three new cryptic species of small southern African horseshoe bats (Rhinolophus). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 184(4): 1249–1276.
  • Hutcheon, J.M. and Kirsch, J.A.W. 2006. A moveable face: deconstructing the Microchiroptera and a new classification of extant bats. Acta Chiropterologica 8(1):1–10.
  • Kock, D., Csorba, G. and Howell, K.M. 2000. Rhinolophus maendeleo n. sp. from Tanzania, a horseshoe bat noteworthy for its systematics and biogeography (Mammalia, Chiroptera, Rhinolophidae). Senckenbergiana biologica 80:233–239.
  • Lau, S., Woo, P., Li, K., et al. 2005. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-like virus in Chinese horseshoe bats. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 102(39):14040–14045.
  • Li, W., Zhengli, S., Meng, Y., et al. 2005. Bats are natural reservoirs of SARS-like coronaviruses. Science 310(5748):676–679.
  • Macdonald, D. 1984. The Encyclopedia of Mammals. New York: Facts on File, 805 pp. ISBN 0-87196-871-1
  • McKenna, M.C. and Bell, S.K. 1997. Classification of Mammals: Above the species level. New York: Columbia University Press, 631 pp. ISBN 978-0-231-11013-6
  • Schober, W. and Grimmberger, A. 1989. A Guide to Bats of Britain and Europe. Hamlyn Publishing Group. ISBN 0-600-56424-X
  • Simmons, N.B. 2005. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 312–529 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: a taxonomic and geographic reference. 3rd ed. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2 vols., 2142 pp. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0 Simmons, N.B. 2005. Order Chiroptera. Pp. 312–529 in Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: a taxonomic and geographic reference. 3rd ed. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 2 vols., 2142 pp. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0
  • Corbet, G.B. 2008. Taxonomy of the Horseshoe bats of the World (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae). http://dea.unideb.hu/dea/bitstream/2437/89636/4/ertekezes_angol.pdf
  • Zhou, Z.-M., Guillén-Servent A., Kim, B.K., Eger, J.L., Wang, Y.Y. and Jiang, X.-L. 2009. A new species from southwestern China in the Afro-Palearctic lineage of the horseshoe bats (Rhinolophus). Journal of Mammalogy 90:57–73.
  • Wu, Y., Harada, M. and Motokawa, M. 2009. Taxonomy of Rhinolophus yunanensis Dobson, 1872 (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae) with a description of a new species from Thailand. Acta Chiropterologica 11(2):237–246.